A Nation at 250: Why Bishop Brennan's Call for Catholic Renewal Speaks to the Psychology of Civilizational Hope

There is something clarifying about a milestone. The 250th anniversary of the United States founding is not simply a civic occasion for fireworks and retrospective pride. It is an invitation to honest reckoning, and Bishop Mark Brennan, apostolic administrator of the Diocese of Wheeling-Charleston, West Virginia, has accepted that invitation with unusual moral seriousness.

In a pastoral letter released ahead of the nation's semiquincentennial, Brennan traces the arc of American history through the lens of Catholic moral teaching, praising the country's genuine achievements while refusing to look away from what remains unfinished. The letter, which Brennan noted would likely be his final pastoral letter before his retirement, arrives fifty years after his priestly ordination during the bicentennial celebrations of 1976. That personal symmetry lends the document a weight that formal ecclesiastical statements rarely carry. It reads less like an institutional pronouncement and more like the considered testimony of a man who has watched a nation age.

"Catholics of West Virginia, be truly Catholic and truly patriotic," Brennan wrote. "Work for the genuine good of your country and trust that God will bless your efforts."

The Catholic Arc of American Growth

One of the most striking data points embedded in Brennan's letter is demographic. At the time of the nation's founding in 1776, Catholics represented approximately one percent of the American population. Today, that figure stands at roughly twenty percent, a transformation driven overwhelmingly by successive waves of immigration. The history of the Catholic Church in America is, in this sense, a history of the outsider becoming the neighbor, the stranger becoming the citizen, the marginalized becoming the contributor to the common good.

Brennan's letter acknowledges significant moral advances in American life since 1776, including the abolition of slavery, the dismantling of legal racial segregation, and the expansion of civic opportunity for women. These are indicative of a civilization that retains the capacity for moral correction, however slowly and painfully that correction arrives.

Yet Brennan is equally direct about what persists. Racial disparities, domestic violence, human trafficking, hostility toward immigrants, and the ongoing destruction of unborn life all appear in his account as wounds that have not healed. The pastoral letter does not allow the Anniversary to function as a moment of comfortable self-congratulation. Anniversary and accountability arrive together.

Human Dignity as the Organizing Principle

At the center of Brennan's letter is a claim that Catholic anthropology has always made but that contemporary culture finds increasingly difficult to absorb: every human life carries inherent dignity from conception to natural death, and no political or economic arrangement can coherently sustain itself while denying that fact.

The bishop condemns abortion, assisted suicide, and the death penalty in the same passage, a rhetorical move that resists the partisan sorting that typically confines these issues to opposite sides of the political ledger. For Brennan, the consistent ethic of life is not a rhetorical device. It is a theological position with direct social consequences. "The God who gave us life does not want us to take it," he writes, referring to both the unborn and the gravely ill.

This consistency is worth pausing on. Within the Catholic Christian understanding of the person, the concept of dignity is not conditional. It does not depend on productivity, cognitive capacity, legal status, or social contribution. It inheres in the human being as such, by virtue of being made in the image and likeness of God. That claim, which Catholic anthropology calls the imago Dei, functions as the irreducible foundation beneath every argument about life, care, and justice.

When Bishop Brennan praises the pro-life movement, he specifically highlights the pastoral and practical dimensions of that work: organizing marches, supporting pregnancy resource centers, providing housing and material assistance for mothers in need. These are not only political activities. They are expressions of what he calls a culture of life, a social order in which the vulnerability of another person is met with accompaniment rather than abandonment.

Civilization of Love and the Architecture of Flourishing

The phrase that recurs throughout Brennan's letter, borrowed from the pontificate of John Paul II, is civilization of love. It is a phrase that can sound abstract until one begins to map its content against the concrete conditions of ordinary life.

A civilization of love, in the Catholic framework, is not a utopian fantasy. It is a social order organized around the recognition that human beings flourish through genuine relationship, that the goods of community are not zero-sum, and that the measure of a society's health is found in how it treats those who cannot advocate for themselves.

The resonance with contemporary research on human flourishing is significant. Decades of work in positive psychology have converged on findings that align, often with striking precision, to the Catholic model of the person. Meaning-making, community belonging, service orientation, transcendent purpose, and the experience of being genuinely known and accepted by others consistently appear among the strongest predictors of psychological well-being.¹ The civilization of love is, in part, a description of the social conditions under which human psychology thrives.

Brennan invokes both Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln in arguing that nations face a kind of moral reckoning when they permit injustice to persist. This is not theocratic language. It is the language of moral realism, the recognition that social arrangements have consequences that eventually become visible regardless of whether they are acknowledged. Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address made the same argument in starker terms, and it remains one of the most searching pieces of political theology in the American tradition.²

Patriotism as Moral Seriousness

There is a temptation, particularly in polarized cultural moments, to equate patriotism with uncritical celebration and to equate criticism with disloyalty. Brennan's letter refuses both options. He praises the stability of the American constitutional system, the tradition of religious liberty, and the long record of public service by Catholic citizens. He also names, without flinching, the ways the nation has fallen short of its own stated ideals.

This is, in fact, the more demanding form of patriotism. It requires holding genuine gratitude and honest critique in the same field of vision without collapsing into either nationalist triumphalism or cynical dismissal. Psychologically, this kind of integrative thinking, the capacity to hold complexity without resolving it prematurely, is a marker of mature moral development.³ It is also, not coincidentally, a disposition that Catholic intellectual tradition has cultivated across centuries.

Brennan's call to be truly Catholic and truly patriotic is a call to that kind of integration. It assumes that faith does not require retreat from civic life and that civic engagement does not require abandoning theological conviction. The two belong together, not because Church and state are identical, but because the human person is simultaneously a spiritual and social being and the health of one domain invariably affects the other.

The Forward Look

Bishop Evelio Menjivar-Ayala has been named as Brennan's successor, with a Mass of installation scheduled for July 2 at the Cathedral of St. Joseph in Wheeling. The transition is fitting. A document written at the threshold of retirement, looking back across fifty years of priestly ministry and 250 years of national history, now passes into the hands of a new bishop who will carry its concerns forward into a different chapter.

The concerns themselves are not new. The dignity of the human person, the priority of the vulnerable, the call to build social conditions in which love is not merely a private sentiment but a structuring principle of shared life — these have been the animating convictions of Catholic social teaching for well over a century.⁴ What changes is the context in which they must be practiced and the creativity required to practice them well.

For those engaged in the work of Catholic mental health, faith-informed counseling, and the cultivation of resilience in individuals and communities, Brennan's letter is a reminder that the deepest sources of psychological strength are not individual achievements. They are relational, cultural, and ultimately theological. The civilization of love that Brennan envisions is not only a moral aspiration. It is a description of the conditions under which the human person, in the fullest Catholic sense of that phrase, can actually flourish.

America at 250 is a nation still in progress. So is the work of building the kind of culture that makes human flourishing genuinely possible. That work is, in the most precise sense, both a civic and a spiritual task, and the two cannot be cleanly separated without impoverishing both.

Notes

¹ Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Free Press. See also Vaillant, G. E. (2008). Spiritual evolution: A scientific defense of faith. Broadway Books; and Frankl, V. E. (1959). Man's search for meaning. Beacon Press.

² Lincoln, A. (1865, March 4). Second inaugural address. The Avalon Project, Yale Law School. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/lincoln2.asp

³ Kohlberg, L. (1981). The philosophy of moral development: Moral stages and the idea of justice. Harper & Row. See also Kegan, R. (1994). In over our heads: The mental demands of modern life. Harvard University Press.

⁴ Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. (2004). Compendium of the social doctrine of the Church. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. https://www.vatican.va/romancuria/pontificalcouncils/justpeace/documents/rcpcjustpeacedoc20060526compendio-dott-socen.html

Primary source: Mannella, C. (2026, June). America at 250: U.S. bishop calls on Catholics to lead renewal. EWTN News. https://www.ewtnews.com